CLASS-7 SUBJECT SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY CHAPTER-7 TRIBES ,NOMADS AND SETTLED COMMUNITIES

 EVENTS CONVENT HIGH SCHOOL

10/01/2022      CLASS- 7   SESSION 2021-22
SUBJECT :SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY 

CHAPTER-7
TRIBES ,NOMADS AND SETTLED COMMUNITIES

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1. Match the following:
garh             –     khel
tanda           –    chaurasi
labourer      –   caravan
clan             –   Garha Katanga
Sib Singh    –  Ahom State
Durgawati   – paik
Answer:
garh – chaurasi
tanda – caravan
labourer – paik
clan – khel
Sib Singh – Ahom state
Durgawati – Garha Katanga

2. Fill in the blanks: 

1. The new castes emerging within vamas were called……………………
   
2. ……… were historical works written by the Ahoms.
   
3. The…….. mentions that Garha Katanga had 70,000 villages.
   
4. As tribal stales became bigger and stronger they gave land grants to………….. ..
   

Answer:

1. jatis
   
2. Buraryis
   
3. Akbar Nama
   
4. temples, Brahmanas.

3. State whether true or false:
(a) Tribal societies had rich oral traditions.
(b) There were no tribal communities in the north-western part of the subcontinent.
(c) The Chaurasi in Gond states contained several cities.
(d) The Bhils lived in the north-eastern part of the sub-continent.
Answer:    (a)—T, (b)—F, (c)—F, (d)—F.

4.VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. How did the castes of entertainers earn their livelihood?
Answer: They earned their livelihood by performing in different towns and villages.

2. Which tribe was very influential in Punjab during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries?              
Answer: The Khokhar tribe was very influential in Punjab during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries

3. Name the tribe which was powerful in the north-west.
Answer: Balochis

4. Name any two tribes which lived in the extreme South
Answer: Vetars and Matravers

5. Who were specialised artisans?
Answer: Smiths, carpenters, and masons were specialised artisans

6. Who controlled Garh?
Answer: A Gond clan usually controlled the Garh

7. What made the Brahmanas more influential in the Gond Society? [V. Imp.]
Answer: The Gond raja began to grant land to the Brahmanas. This made them influential.

8. Who was Aman Das?
Answer: He was the Gond raja of Garha Katanga.

9. Who was Durgaivaii?
Answer: She was the daughter of Salbahan, the Chandel Rajput raja of Mahoba. She got married to Dalpat, the son of the Gond raja Aman Das.

10. When did the Mughal forces attack Garha Katanga?
Answer:  The Mughal forces attacked Garha Katangst in 1565.

5.Short Answer Type Questions

1. Mention some special features of tribal societies.       
Answer:  Some special features of tribal societies are :

• They did not follow the social rules and rituals which the Brahmanas prescribed.
• They were not divided into many unequal classes.
• Members of the society were united by kinship bonds.

2. How did the tribal people earn their livelihood? 
Answer:  The main occupation of the tribal people was agriculture. But there were also hunter-gatherers or herders. Most often they combined these activities to make full use of the natural resources of the area in which they lived. Some tribes were nomadic moving from one place to another.
A tribal group controlled land and pastures jointly and divided these amongst household as per its own rules

3. Write a short note on Bcuyaras’.
Answer:  The Banjaras were important trader nomads. They usually moved in caravan known as tanda. A tanda contained as many as 6 or 7 hundred persons. They carried their wives and children along with them. They owned their oxen. They bought grain where it was cheaply available and carried it to places where it was dearer. From there, they again reloaded their oxen with anything that could be profitably sold in other places. The Banjaras did not travel more than 6 or 7 miles a day. They preferred cool weather. After unloading their oxen, they freed them to graze

4. How did Sultan Alauddin Khalji and the Mughals use the Bcuyaras?
Answer:  Sultan Alauddin Khalji used the Banjaras to transport grain to the city markets. Under the Mughals the Banjaras carried grain on their bullocks from different areas and sold it in towns. They transported food grain for the Mughal army during military campaigns

5. Write a brief note on the administrative system of the Gond kingdom. [V. Imp.]
Answer:  The Gond Kingdom was divided into garhs. Each garh was controlled by a particular Gond clan. This was further divided into units of 84 villages called chaurasi. The chaurasi was subdivided into barhots which were made up of 12 villages each.

CLASS-6 SUBJECT SOCIAL SCIENCE CHAPTER-11 BUILDINGS PAINTINGS AND BOOKS

 EVENTS CONVENT HIGH SCHOOL

10/01/2022      CLASS- 6     SESSION 2021-22
SUBJECT :SOCIAL SCIENCE 

CHAPTER-11
BUILDINGS PAINTINGS AND BOOKS

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I.MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Choose the correct option to complete the statements given below:

(i) The iron Pillar is situated at………………
(a) Junagarh
(b) Mehrauli
(c) Aihole
(d) Ahmedabad.

(ii) The height of the Iron Pillar is …………….
(a) 7.2 m
(b) 8.2 m
(c) 9.2 m
(d) 10.2 m.

(iii) The small box placed at the centre or heart of the stupa is known as a………………………
(a) Relic casket
(b) Sacred box
(c) Trunk
(d) None of the above.

(iv) The Puranas contained stories about …………………
(a) Kings and queens
(b) Gautam Buddha
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Gods and goddesses.

(v)  Sanskrit Ramayana is written by ………………
(a) Valmiki
(b) Vyasa
(c) Tulsidas
(d) Vishnu Sharma.

Answer:
(i) – (b), (ii) – (a), (iii) – (a), (iv) – (d), (v) – (a).

II.FILL IN THE BLANKS

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence.

1. The ……….  at Aihole was built about 1400 years ago
2. The small box placed at the centre of the stupa contains bodily remains of the  and his followers.
3. The……. were recited in temples by priests and people came to listen to them.
4. Both the……….. and the…………. are supposed to have been composed by Vyasa.
5. developed a scientific explanation for eclipses.

Answer:

1. Durga temple
2. Buddha
3. Vedas
4. Puranas, Mahabharata
5. Aryabhatta

III.TRUE/FALSE

State whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F).

1. Most temples of this period had a hall like structure known as the mandapa.
2. Mahabalipuram and Aihole are known for the finest stone temples.
3. Merchant and farmers usually decided to build stupas and temples during this period.
4. The Tamil epic the Silappadikaram was composed by a poet named Ilango.
5. Meghaduta is a famous poem composed by Tulsidas.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. False

IV.MATCHING SKILL

Match the items in column A correctly with those given in column B.

Ans. (i)—(b), (ii)—(d), (iii)—(a), (iv)—(e), (v)—(c).

V. VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. When was the Iron Pillar made?
Ans: It was made about 1500 years ago.

2. Mention the most striking feature of the Iron Pillar.
Ans: The Pillar has not rusted in all these years.

3. What do you mean by the word ‘Stupa’? [V. Imp.]
Ans: The word Stupa means a mound. It is a Buddhist religious building.

4. Why did devotees walk around the stupa in a clockwise direction?
Ans: They did so to show their devotion.

5. Why was Amaravati famous?
Ans: Amaravati was a place where a magnificent stupa once existed.

6. Marne the deities worshipped in the earliest Hindu temples.
Ans: Vishnu, Shiva, and Durga.

 7. What was the garbhagriha?
Ans: It was a room in the temple during this period.

8. Why was the garbhagriha so important? [V. Imp.]
Ans: The image of the chief deity was placed in the garbhagriha. Also, the priests performed religious rituals here.

9. What was the shikhara?
Ans:It was a tower built on the top of the garbhagriha to mark this out as a sacred place.

 10. What do you know about the monolithic temples at Mahabalipuram?
Ans: Each of these temples was carved out of a huge, single piece of stone.

VI. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Write a few lines on the Iron Pillar located at Mehrauli, Delhi
Ans: 

• The Iron Pillar located at Mehrauli, Delhi was made about 1500 years ago.
• It is made of iron. Its height is 7.2 m and its weight is over 3 tones.
• It was probably built during the Gupta dynasty.
• It is amazing that the pillar has not rusted in all these years.
• The pillar is a remarkable example of the skill of Indian craftspeople.
• The pillar is famous all over the world.

2. How were stupas and temples built? 
Ans: Building stupas and temples was not an ordinary job. It needed huge wealth which only kings or queens could afford. There were several stages in building a stupa or a temple. Firstly, the good quality stone had to be found, quarried, and transported to the place that was often carefully selected for the new building. Secondly, these rough blocks of stone had to be shaped and covered into pillars, and panels for walls, floors, and ceilings. Thirdly, these had to be placed in precisely the right position. Kings and queens spend money from their treasury to pay the craftspersons.

3. What are the main features of Ajanta paintings?                                                   
Ans: 

• The paintings of Ajanta are world-famous. Ajanta is a place where several caves were hollowed out of the hills over centuries.
• Most of these were Buddhist monasteries while some of them were decorated with paintings.
• The caves are dark inside and therefore most of these paintings were done in the light of torches.
• The colours are vivid even after 1500 years.
• These colours were made of plants and minerals.

Class-8 Subject Hindi Chapter-7 क्या निराश हुआ जाए

  EVENTS CONVENT HIGH SCHOOL

08/01/2022      CLASS- 8   SESSION 2021-22
SUBJECT :HINDI 

CHAPTER-7 

क्या निराश हुआ जाए

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प्रश्न-अभ्यास

Question 1:लेखक ने स्वीकार किया है कि लोगों ने उन्हें भी धोखा दिया है फिर भी वह निराश नहीं हैं। आपके विचार से इस बात का क्या कारण हो सकता है?
Solution:
लेखक ने अपने व्यक्तिगत अनुभवों का वर्णन करते हुए कहा है कि उसने धोखा भी खाया है परंतु बहुत कम स्थलों पर विश्वासघात नाम की चीज मिलती है। पर उसका मानना है कि अगर वो इन धोखों को याद रखेगा तो उसके लिए विश्वास करना बेहद कष्टकारी होगा और ऐसी घटनाएँ भी बहुत कम नहीं हैं जब लोगों ने अकारण उनकी सहायता की है, निराश मन को ढाँढस दिया है और हिम्मत बँधाई है।
टिकट बाबू द्वारा बचे हुए पैसे लेखक को लौटाना, बस कंडक्टर द्वारा दूसरी बस व बच्चों के लिए दूध लाना आदि ऐसी घटनाएँ हैं। इसलिए उसे विश्वास है कि समाज में मानवता, प्रेम, आपसी सहयोग समाप्त नहीं हो सकते।

Question 2:दोषों का पर्दाफ़ाश करना कब बुरा रूप ले सकता है?
Solution:
दोषों का पर्दाफ़ाश करना तब बुरा रूप ले सकता है जब हम किसी के आचरण के गलत पक्ष को उद्घाटित करके उसमें रस लेते है या जब हमारे ऐसा करने से वे लोग उग्र रूप धारण कर किसी को हानि पहुँचाए।

Question 3:आजकल के बहुत से समाचार पत्र या समाचार चैनल ‘दोषों का पर्दाफ़ाश’ कर रहे हैं। इस प्रकार के समाचारों और कार्यक्रमों की सार्थकता पर तर्क सहित विचार लिखिए?
Solution:
इस प्रकार के पर्दा फाश से समाज में व्याप्त बुराईयों से, अपने आस-पास के वातावरण तथा लोगों से अवगत हो जाते हैं और इसके कारण समाज में जागरूकता भी आती है साथ ही समाज समय रहते ही सचेत और सावधान हो जाता हैं।

Question 4:
निम्नलिखित के संभावित परिणाम क्या-क्या हो सकते हैं? आपस में चर्चा कीजिए, जैसे – ”ईमानदारी को मूर्खता का पर्याय समझा जाने लगा है। ”परिणाम-भ्रष्टाचार बढ़ेगा।

1. ”सच्चाईकेवल भीरु और बेबस लोगों के हिस्से पड़ी है।” ………………..
2. ”झूठ और फरेब का रोज़गार करनेवाले फल-फूल रहे हैं।” ………………..
3. ”हर आदमी दोषी अधिक दिख रहा है, गुणी कम।” ………………..

Solution:

1. ”सच्चाईकेवल भीरु और बेबस लोगों के हिस्से पड़ी है। – तानाशाही बढ़ेगी
2. ”झूठ और फरेब का रोज़गार करनेवाले फल-फूल रहे हैं।” – भ्रष्टाचार बढ़ेगा
3. ”हर आदमी दोषी अधिक दिख रहा है, गुणी कम।” – अविश्वास बढ़ेगा

Question 5:लेखक ने लेख का शीर्षक ‘क्या निराश हुआ जाए’ क्यों रखा होगा? क्या आप इससे भी बेहतर शीर्षक सुझा सकते हैं?
Solution:
लेखक ने इस लेख का शीर्षक ‘क्या निराश हुआ जाए’ उचित रखा है। आजकल हम अराजकता की जो घटनाऍ अपने आसपास घटते देखते रहते हैं। जिससे हमारे मन में निराशा भर जाती है। लेकिन लेखक हमें उस समय समाज के मानवीय गुणों से भरे लोगों को और उनके कार्यों को याद करने कहा हैं जिससे हम निराश न हो।
इसका अन्य शीर्षक ‘हम निराशा से आशा’ भी रख सकते हैं।

Question 6:यदि ‘क्या निराश हुआ जाए’ के बाद कोई विराम चिहन  लगाने के लिए कहा जाए तो आप दिए गए चिह्नों में से कौन-सा चिहन लगाएँगे? अपने चुनाव का कारण भी बताइए – , । . । ? ; – , …. ।
Solution:
‘क्या निराश हुआ जाए’ के बाद मैं प्रश्न चिन्ह ‘क्या निराश हुआ जाए?’ लगाना उचित समझता हूँ। समाज में व्याप्त बुराइयों के बीच रहते हुए भी जीवन जीने के लिए सकारात्मक दृष्टि जरूरी है।

Question 7:”आदर्शों की बातें करना तो बहुत आसान है पर उन पर चलना बहुत कठिन है।” क्या आप इस बात से सहमत हैं? तर्क सहित उत्तर दीजिए।
Solution:
”आदर्शों की बातें करना तो बहुत आसान है पर उन पर चलना बहुत कठिन है।” – मैं इस कथन से सहमत हूँ क्योंकि व्यक्ति जब आदर्शो की राह पर चलता है तब उसे कई कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ता है। असामाजिक तत्वों का अकेले सामना करना पड़ता है।