CLASS-8 SUBJECT GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-5 INDUSTRIES

 EVENTS CONVENT HIGH SCHOOL

11/11/2021      CLASS- 8   SESSION 2021-22
SUBJECT :  SOCIAL SCIENCE (GEOGRAPHY)

CHAPTER-5 INDUSTRIES
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Question 1.Choose the correct option.
(i) What class of economic activities does manufacturing come under?
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary
(d) Primary as well as secondary

(ii) Which industry is the base of all other industries?
(a) Cotton textile industry
(b) Leather industry
(c) Iron and steel industry
(d) IT industry

(iii) What class of industries does Mamti Udyog come under?
(a) Joint sector
(b) Private sector
(c) Public sector
(d) Cooperative sector

(iv) Which of these factors affect the location of industries?
(a) Power
(b) Availability of raw material
(c) Transport
(d) All of these

(v) What process does the iron ore undergo in a blast furnace?
(a) Smelting
(b) Refining
(c) Extraction
(d) None of these

(vi) What is the output of iron and steel industry?
(a) Steel
(b) Pig iron
(c) Iron ore
(d) All of these

(vii) Which of these states has some major steel-producing centers?
(a) Punjab
(b) Jharkhand
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Maharashtra

(viii) What is the name of the place where TISCO began?
(a) Kharkai
(b) Calcutta
(c) Sakchi
(d) Rourkela

(ix) From where does the iron ore come to Pittsburgh?
(a) Silicon Valley
(b) Florida
(c) Minnesota
(d) Washington
Answer:
(i) (b), (ii) (c), (iii) (a), (iv) (d), (v)(a), (vi) (a), (vii) (b), (viii) (c), (ix) (c).

Question 2.
Fill in the blank spaces given to complete each sentence.

1. The river that provides sufficient water to Osaka’s textile industry is ………………..
2. On basis of raw materials used, industries are classified as and ………………
3. Basket-weaving, handicraft, and pottery are examples of …………… industries.
4. Factors affecting the location of industries are …………, ……………, …………, ……….. etc. (give any four)
5. Regions like the Mumbai-Pune cluster and Chhotanagpur industrial belt are important ……….. regions of India.
6. The process of smelting is done in a ………….
7. The four states where most steel-producing centres are located are and ………….
8. The first cotton textile mill was established in Ahmedabad in ………..
9. Silicon Valley is located near the …………….. Mountains.

Answer:

1. Yodo
2. agro-based, mineral-based, marine-based, forest-based
3. small-scale
4. power, raw material, labour, capital, market, transport, communication, etc.
5. industrial
6. blast furnace
7. West Bengal, Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh
8. 1859
9. Rocky

Question 3.
State whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F).

1. The leather industry is a forest-based industry.
2. Small capital and infrastructure characterize small-scale industries.
3. Milk dairies like Sudha Dairy are joint sector industries.
4. Raw materials are inputs into an industry’s manufacturing process.
5. Major industrial regions tend to be located in the temperate areas, near seaports and coal fields.
6. The iron and steel industry is a sunrise industry.
7. While smelting, heating is done beyond the melting point.
8. Alloying with other elements changes the properties of steel.
9. The nearest station to the Sakchi steel plant was Kalimati.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. True
6. False
7. True
8. True
9. True

Question 4.
Match the items given in Column I correctly with those given in Column II.

Answer:
(i) (b), (ii) (e), (iii) (a), (iv) (c), (v) (d).

Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Define industry.
Answer:
The industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods, extraction of minerals, or the provision of services.

Question 2.
Name three common methods of classifying industries.
Answer:
Industries are classified according to the raw material used, size, and ownership.

Question 3.
Expand the abbreviation AMUL. Where is its headquarters?
Answer:
Anand Milk Union Limited. Its headquarters are in Anand, Gujarat.

Question 4.
Name four common processes involved in the textile industry.
Answer:
Ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing are processes involved in the textile industry.

Question 5.
Name an industrial region in northern India.
Answer:
The Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region is an industrial region in northern India.

Question 6.
Name some elements alloyed with steel.
Answer:
Aluminium, nickel, and copper are elements that are alloyed with steel.

Question 7.
What products do industrial plants in Jamshedpur produce?
Answer:
Industrial plants produce chemicals, locomotive parts, agricultural equipment, machinery, tinplate, etc.

Question 8.
What is the link between the mines and the industry in Pittsburgh?
Answer:
The Great Lakes of North America lying between the mines and industrial plants in Pittsburgh.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of raw material used.
Answer:
On the basis of raw material used, industries are classified into agro, mineral, marine, and forest-based. The raw material of agro-based industries consists of plant and animal-based products. Some examples are food processing, cotton textile industry, and leather industry. The raw material used in mineral-based industries consists of mineral ores.

An example: iron and steel industry. Marine-based industries use products obtained from the sea and oceans as raw materials. Seafood industry is one such industry. A forest-based industry uses forest produce as raw material. Examples are the paper industry and furniture.

Question 2.
Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of ownership.
Answer:
On the basis of ownership, industries are classified into the private sector, state-owned (public sector), joint sector, and cooperative sector. Private-sector industries are owned by individuals or a group of individuals. Public sector industries are owned by the government. Joint sector industries are owned and operated by the state and individuals. Maruti Udyog is an example of such an industry. Cooperative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers, or both. AMUL is one such industry.

Question 3.
Describe the inputs, processes, and outputs in an industrial system with an example.
Answer:
An industrial system consists of inputs, processes, and outputs. Raw materials, labour, costs, transport, power and infrastructure are inputs. In a cotton textile industry, for example, inputs are cotton, human labour, transport cost, etc. Processes are activities done to convert raw material into finished products. In a cotton textile industry, ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, etc process. The finished product and all profits earned are the outputs. In the cotton textile industry, the outputs are clothes we wear.

Question 4.
Give examples of industrial regions in India and the world.
Answer:
The major industrial areas of the world are eastern North America, western and central Europe, eastern Europe, and eastern Asia. In India, major industrial regions are the Mumbai-Pune cluster, Bangalore-Tamil Nadu region, Hugli region, Ahmedabad-Baroda region, Chhotanagpur industrial belt, Vishakhapatnam-Guntur Belt, Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region, and the Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram industrial cluster.

Question 5.
Write the properties and significance of steel.
Answer:
Steel has these properties: it is tough, it can easily be shaped (malleability), cut or made into wire (ductility). Adding certain other elements makes it harder, tougher, and rust-retention capability.

Steel is the backbone of the modern industry. We use a lot of steel objects in daily life. Ships, trains, and most other vehicles, tiny needles and safety pins, machinery and equipment, buildings, etc utilise steel as a main or sole constituent.